Cara Menanam Anggur Domestik

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### **Step-by-Step Guide to Germinating Domestic Grape Seeds**

#### **1. Removing Excess Moisture**
– Gently tap the plastic bag to remove excess water droplets.
– Return the bag to the refrigerator **lying on the opposite side** to allow damp seeds to dry.
– If the tissue/cotton dries out, add **1–2 drops of water**.
– If mold or black spots appear on a seed:
– Remove the affected seed and clean if possible.
– If cleaning is difficult, discard the seed.
– If **all seeds** develop mold, add a small amount of fungicide.

#### **2. After 4 Months (or Early Sprouting)**
– Remove seeds from the refrigerator and begin germination.
– **Exception:** If any seeds sprout roots **(1–3 mm) before 4 months**, remove them immediately and start germination.

#### **3. Germination Process**
**Materials Needed:**
– Germination container: **Tissue paper** or **paper towel** (easy to cut).
– **Resealable plastic bag**.

**Steps:**
1. Moisten the germination medium (tissue/paper towel) using a fine spray bottle.
– Keep it **damp, not soggy** (to prevent mold or rot).
– Use **bottled water** or **boiled water** for best results.
– If using tissue, stack **2–3 layers** for thickness.
2. Place the plastic bag in a **bright location** with:
– **Indirect sunlight** (e.g., near a window or covered porch).
– **Protection from rain**.

**Daily Maintenance:**
– Check daily and adjust conditions as needed.
– If the tissue dries, add **1–2 drops of water**.
– Remove moldy seeds (clean or discard).
– If all seeds develop mold, add fungicide.

**Germination Time:**
– Seeds typically sprout in **3–7 weeks** (varies by seed quality and environment).

#### **4. Transplanting Sprouted Seeds**
– Once sprouts reach **0.8–1.8 cm**, transfer to a growing medium.

**Preparing the Growing Container:**
– Use trays, pots, polybags, or recycled containers.
– **Ensure drainage holes** at the bottom (and sides if needed).

**Growing Medium Options:**
– **Homemade mix:** Soil, sand/burnt husk, and compost (ratio **1:1:1** or **2:1:1**).
– **Store-bought mix:** Pre-mixed planting media (let it aerate **for 1 day** in shade before use).

**Transplanting Steps:**
1. **Prep the medium:**
– Fill the container a day before planting.
– Moisten the soil—keep it **loose (not compacted)**.
2. **Plant the sprouted seed:**
– Make a small hole in the soil.
– Cut/tear the tissue around the sprout.
– Place the sprout **with the tissue** into the hole (tissue will decompose).
– **Position:** **Root down, shoot up**.
– Cover lightly with soil, leaving **part of the shoot exposed**.

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### **Key Notes:**
– **Loose soil** is critical for root growth.
– Avoid direct sun/rain exposure during early stages.
– Monitor daily for moisture and mold.

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### **Penyemaian Bibit Anggur Domestik**

Jika menggunakan **tray khusus penyemaian**, setiap kotak cukup diisi **1-2 biji** anggur domestik.

Setelah itu, siram dengan **semprotan air halus** (gunakan sprayer).

**Tempatkan wadah persemaian** di lokasi yang:
– **Terang** (terkena sinar matahari langsung)
– **Terhindar dari guyuran hujan** (misalnya di dekat jendela kaca atau teras rumah yang terlindung).

### **Perawatan Persemaian**
1. **Penyiraman**
– Semprot dengan air halus **1-2 kali sehari** (pagi & sore), tergantung kelembapan media.
– Jika media lembab, cukup **sekali sehari atau 2 hari sekali**.
– **Hindari kelebihan air** karena lebih berbahaya daripada kekurangan air.

2. **Penjarangan Bibit**
– Jika bibit tumbuh terlalu rapat (hampir menumpuk), **pindahkan ke tempat lain** untuk memberi ruang tumbuh.

3. **Pencegahan Hama & Penyakit**
– Penyakit umum: **busuk daun & akar**.
– Cegah dengan menjaga media **tidak terlalu basah** dan semprot pestisida jika diperlukan.

**Tanda Masalah Penyiraman:**
– **Daun menguning (bawah terlebih dahulu)** → **Kelebihan air** (hentikan penyiraman).
– **Daun layu & kering** → **Kurang air** (tingkatkan frekuensi penyiraman).

### **Pemindahan Bibit ke Media Tanam**
Bibit siap dipindah saat memiliki **2-6 helai daun**.

**Persiapan Media Tanam:**
1. **Wadah Tanam (Pot/Drum):**
– Beri **lubang drainase di bagian bawah**.
– Pastikan dasar pot **tidak menyentuh tanah** agar air tidak menggenang.
– Tambahkan **batu kecil/pecahan batu** di dasar pot untuk:
– Menjaga drainase.
– Mencegah penyumbatan lubang.

2. **Isi Media Tanam:**
– Gunakan campuran:
– **Tanah : Pasir/Sekam Bakar : Kompos** (perbandingan **1:1:1** atau **2:1:1**).
– **Alternatif:** Media tanam siap pakai dari pasaran.
– **Sebelum digunakan**, buka kemasan dan biarkan di tempat teduh **selama 1 hari** untuk menghilangkan hawa panas.

3. **Kondisi Media Tanam:**
– Harus **gembur (tidak padat/keras)** agar akar mudah tumbuh.
– Sehari sebelum tanam, **siram sedikit air** untuk melembabkan media.

### **Proses Pemindahan Bibit**
1. Buat **lubang tanam** di media.
2. **Ambil bibit beserta tanah di sekitar akarnya** (gunakan sendok/sekop kecil).
3. Letakkan bibit di lubang, tambahkan media tanam di sekitarnya.
4. Pastikan bibit **tegak dan muncul di permukaan tanah**. Jika perlu, tekan tanah perlahan untuk menopangnya.

### **Planting and Care Guide for Domestic Grapes**

1. **Planting the Seedling**
– Ensure the seedling stands upright after planting.
– Lightly mist/water using a fine spray bottle.

2. **Ideal Location**
– Place the **Domestic Grape plant in a bright area** with direct sunlight but protected from rain.

3. **Transplanting to Open Area**
– Once **new shoots emerge (new leaves grow)** and the plant is stable, it is ready to be moved.
– The pot/polybag can then be **placed in an open location**.

4. **Maintenance**
Domestic Grape care includes:
– **Watering**
– **Fertilizing**
– **Installing stakes/supports**
– **Replanting (if needed)**
– **Pest and disease control**

### **Detailed Care Instructions**

#### **Watering**
– Water carefully to avoid damaging leaves or stems.
– **Frequency:**
– **Dry soil:** Twice daily (morning and evening).
– **Moist soil:** Once daily (morning or evening).
– **Avoid midday watering** to prevent wilting.

#### **Fertilizing**
– Apply fertilizer according to the dosage and instructions on the packaging.

#### **Staking (Ajir Installation)**
– **Purpose:** Supports weak stems and guides vine growth.
– **Materials:** Bamboo, wood, wire, or other sturdy materials.
– **When to Install:**
– After the plant reaches **14–20 cm in height**.
– Place stakes **4–10 cm away** from the plant.
– Delayed staking may damage roots.
– **Tying the Plant:**
– Once tall enough, loosely tie the plant to the stake using raffia string.

#### **Replanting (Penyulaman)**
– If the seedling grows poorly, is damaged, or dies, **replace it immediately** with a new one.

#### **Weeding (Penyiangan)**
– Remove **weeds (gulma)** around the plant.
– Loosen the soil during weeding.

#### **Mounding (Pembumbunan)**
– Perform mounding if:
– Soil erosion occurs.
– Roots surface.
– The plant leans (not upright).

### **Pest and Disease Control**
– **Hama (Pests):** [Insert pest control methods here]
– **Penyakit (Diseases):** [Insert disease control methods here]

### **Harvesting**
– Domestic Grapes can be harvested in **2–4 years**.
– **Harvest time varies** depending on:
– Initial seed quality.
– Growing conditions.
– Maintenance practices.